Características clínicas e fatores associados à falha da extubação numa unidade de terapia intensiva pediátrica da cidade do Recife

Abstract

Objective: To verify clinical characteristics and factors related to extubation failure in children undergoing mechanical pulmonary ventilation (MPV) in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (UTIP) in the city of Recife-PE. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive study approved by the Research Ethics Committee on Human Beings of the Institute of Integral Medicine Prof. Fernando Figueira (IMIP). Children of both sexes over 30 days of life submitted to MPV were included in a period equal to or greater than 24 hours only at the first extubation. Data collection was done through a search of the medical records, and filling out a standardized form that contained information of the child. Failure was defined as the need to return to MPV within 48 hours after extubation. Results: The sample consisted of 29 children, with a mean age of 26.3 ± 45.5. The main diagnostic hypotheses were: pulmonary focus sepsis (13.8%), respiratory tract infection (13.8%), pneumonia (13.8%), wheezing crisis. 13.8% failed to extubate, being 3.4% precocious, 3.4% intermediate and 6.9% late. The causes of reintubation were worsening of respiratory dysfunction and high obstruction due to laryngeal stridor. Conclusion: It was observed low rate of extubation failure, where they were mainly of clinical origin, males, were less than 7 days of MPV. It was not possible to verify associations of clinical variables with the failure rate.