Análise epidemiológica dos pacientes submetidos a transplante cardíaco no IMIP

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Analyze the epidemiological profile of patients undergoing heart transplantation at the Instituto de Medicina Integral Professor Fernando Figueira (IMIP), identifying their clinical outcomes and postoperative complications. METHODS: Non-concurrent cohort survey with sample of 97 transplant patients at IMIP, from July 2012 to August 2016. Data were collected retrospectively through medical records, feeding specific form. RESULTS: Of all 97 patients, 75% were men. The mean recipients and donors age was 42 and 28 years, respectively. The main etiology was Chagas disease (21,4%), then idiopathic (19,4%), valvular (16,3%) and ischemic (14,2%). The mean waiting time in transplant list was 35 days. When in priority list (53%), this time falls to 12 days (median – 7 days). It was found 29.47% of patients with lymphocyte panel>10%. The major early postoperative complications were: acute kidney failure (40,8%), respiratory infections (37,7%), bleeding (24,4%) and sepsis (21,4%). The mortality up to 30 days was 21,6%; from 30 days to 1 year was 19,73%; after 1 year was 8,19%. There was a drop in mortality up to 30 days over the program years, from 25% in 2012 to 16.6% in 2016.Older than 55 years had a mortality rate of 60%.Sepsis was the leading cause of death (58%), followed by primary graft dysfunction (12%). CONCLUSION: Heart transplantation program of IMIP shows acceptable survival and rate of post-operative complications, compatible with the rest of Brazilian literature. Keywords: heart transplantation – emidemiology – postoperative complications.