Repercussões nutricionais de pacientes transplantados renais tardios e sua relação com adesão ao acompanhamento nutricional

Abstract

Introduction: Low adherence to nutritional monitoring in the late post-transplant phase may be directly related to the appearance or worsening of negative nutritional repercussions due to the presence of factors that contribute to nutritional status changes such as the chronic use of immunosuppressives, sedentarism and less food restrictions. Objective: To evaluate the nutritional repercussions of late renal transplant patients and its relation with adherence to nutritional monitoring. Methods: A cross-sectional study with adults of both sexes transplanted for at least one year. Sociodemographic, anthropometric, biochemical data and on adherence to nutritional monitoring were collected. Results: The sample was 74 patients with a mean age of 43.91 ± 14.926, 56.8% of whom were male. The groups presented similar pre-transplant weight means (p = 0.33). Regarding post-transplant weight, we observed significantly higher means in patients who did not perform consultations in relation to the patients who performed (p = 0,02). Thus, the mean weight gain of patients who were not at any nutritional visit was significantly higher in comparison to those who attended at least one nutritional visit (p = 0.02). There was a higher mean BMI in patients who did not perform any nutritional monitoring (p = 0.05). The mean values of total cholesterol (p = 0.44) and fasting glycemia (p = 0.46) showed no differences in relation to adherence to nutritional monitoring, while mean triglycerides were significantly higher in patients who did not have consultations (p <0.0001). Conclusion: Nonadherence to nutritional consultations are related to the presence of nutritional repercussions, which results in worsening of the prognosis of the patients.