Consumo alimentar, composição corporal e estado nutricional de crianças e adolescentes com doença renal crônica em tratamento conservador

Abstract

Introduction: Protein-energy malnutrition is prevalent in children with chronic kidney disease, especially in dialysis. However, in the early stages of the disease undergoing conservative treatment, information of dietary intake, body composition and nutritional status may be of fundamental importance to avoid this comorbidity. Methods: Cross-sectional study with patients aged 2 to 14 years, from both sexes, with chronic renal disease undergoing conservative treatment. Biochemical data, dietary and anthropometric data were collected during outpatient visits and medical records. It was used descriptive statistics and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results: The average daily consumption of energy, protein, carbohydrate and lipid corresponded to 1131.15 kcal, 57.40 g, 150.15 g and 32.97 g, respectively. In 72.9% of the sample, a high frequency of consumption of proteins in the diet was revealed. Low reserves of fat, protein and low height-for-age were found in 48.1%, 25.9% and 33.3% of the sample, respectively, without significant difference between the sexes (p> 0.05). Discussion: Dietary inadequacies, especially with high protein content may contribute to the progression of chronic kidney disease. Changes in nutritional status demonstrate that, in the early stages, these patients suffer from the complications, contributing to morbidity and mortality. 10 Conclusion: Children and adolescents with chronic kidney disease undergoing conservative treatment suffer major changes in body composition, as well as height deficits resulting from the disease. In addition, the dietary intake of the patients was inadequate, emphasizing the need for specialized nutritional therapy in the early stages of the disease.